Emergency Management Legislation Use APA style for your citation 1. Please add to professor’s comments below regarding Hurricane Katrina or add comments a

Emergency Management Legislation Use APA style for your citation

1. Please add to professor’s comments below regarding Hurricane Katrina or add comments about some other event or piece of emergency management legislation.

2. classmates already responded (check the word document attached) avoid repeating the same thing and plagiarizing

professor’s comments:

((I’m sure I can name any number of significant events in the history of emergency management. I would like to begin this discussion by mentioning hurricane Katrina. As you know that hurricane occurred in the year 2005 in the Gulf area of the United States. An entire piece of legislation,PKEMRA, helped shape emergency management promptly for decades to come. The reason this happened, is that there were many, many problems associated with the response to this event. Among them include failure of coordination of resources, failure of communication, failure to properly prepare and mitigate, and ignorance about practical realities such as the level of poverty in the city of New Orleans, Louisiana. The hurricane course did not limit its devastation to that city went as far as the state of Mississippi. Several Eastern states as well as state of Texas had to help in taking in many of the refugees who were victims of this monstrous hurricane. Later in the semester we will talk a little bit about some of those lessons learned. )) 1 Unread
4 days ago
professor INSTRUCTOR MANAGER
A Group Blog
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I’m sure I can name any number of significant events in the history of emergency management. I
would like to begin this discussion by mentioning hurricane Katrina. As you know that hurricane
occurred in the year 2005 in the Gulf area of the United States. An entire piece of legislation,PKEMRA,
helped shape emergency management promptly for decades to come. The reason this happened, is
that there were many, many problems associated with the response to this event. Among them
include failure of coordination of resources, failure of communication, failure to properly prepare and
mitigate, and ignorance about practical realities such as the level of poverty in the city of New
Orleans, Louisiana. The hurricane course did not limit its devastation to that city went as far as the
state of Mississippi. Several Eastern states as well as state of Texas had to help in taking in many of the
refugees who were victims of this monstrous hurricane. Later in the semester we will talk a little bit
about some of those lessons learned.
Please add to my comments above regarding Hurricane Katrina or add comments about some other
event or piece of emergency management legislation.
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1 day ago
professor
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Hello,
Good start Dr. Parrillo, you mention the most event devastating and costly hurricanes to strike the United
States. Due to failed infrastructure and lack of planning for needed supplies to be delivered to the affected
area, approximately 1,700 people were dead, 1 million persons were displaced, and an estimated $135 billion
in damage along the Gulf coast was incurred. (Apte & Yoho, 2011). Which helped shape emergency
management promptly for decades to come.
I would like to talk about The Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004, In the beginning, the main problem that was on
The Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 and helped shape emergency management promptly for decades to come,
is that there were many problems associated with the response to this event. In this scenario, if early warning
devices were in place then maybe additional people would have been able to move inland more quickly. I
realize the power grid in some of these areas is very limited. So most of the people affected by the tsunami did
not actually know it was coming. the result was a 9.1 magnitude earthquake and was responsible for more
than 227,000 deaths, more than 500,000 injured, over 2 million missing, and more than 1.5 million displaced
persons across more than 12 countries (Greenfield & Ingram, 2011). It should be noted at this juncture that
there was no tsunami warning system in the Indian Ocean. Some areas, particularly the Banda Aceh region of
Sumatra in Indonesia, lacked a basic, functioning transportation infrastructure, which imposed severe
capacity constraints on the flow of inbound supplies. (Apte & Yoho, 2011).
Reference
Apte, A., & Yoho, K. D. (2011). Strategies for logistics in case of a natural disaster (No. NPS-LM-11-188).
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY.
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11 hours ago
professor
RE: A Group Blog
INSTRUCTOR MANAGER
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Thanks, Haifa. I remember the tsunami in Indonesia well. By that point I was very much involved in
emergency management but just as importantly I had a good friend who is a Christian missionary in northern
Indonesia at the time. While his area of the nation is not affected by the synonymy he and several others
responded to that area of Indonesia in an effort to help out. And yes, tsunamis have taught the world very
much about the need for early warning systems in those areas that are at coastlines.
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1 day ago
professor
RE: A Group Blog
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Hello,
Hurricane Katrina was a very disastrous hurricane that foresaw the death of many
individuals. Poor infrastructure also facilitated the destruction of buildings and the loss of many
lives. This disaster, as you have mentioned, immensely shaped the disaster management system.
The risk of flooding in New Orleans brought about by hurricanes had been known for quite a
long time (CNN.com, 2018). Nothing significant had been done to improve this issue until the
occurrence of Hurricane Katrina. Improved flood protection was implemented after the
occurrence of the hurricane. The occurrence of the hurricane led to the implementation of a
reliable flood control system that was formulated based on comprehensive studies (CNN.com,
2018).
I also believe that Cyclone Nargis greatly shaped the disaster management system. This
event caused the worst natural disaster that was recorded in the history of Myannar during early
May in the year 2008 (UNEP, 2009). This disaster foresaw the death of over 138, 373
individuals. Nargis is considered among the top five deadliest cyclones of all time based on the
fatalities that were recorded. The number of fatalities during and after the disaster was high as
disease and lack of relief efforts facilitated that. Relief efforts were slowed down due to political
reasons as Myanmar’s military rulers initially resisted large-scale international aid (UNEP,
2009). The cyclone also caused significant coastal erosion and land loss moreso in the Irrawady
delta area. The southern coastal areas where the cyclone passed experienced rough seas, heavy
rains, strong winds, and ‘modest’ storm surges as the cyclone passed (UNEP, 2009).
The impacts of Cyclone Nargis were exacerbated by earlier environmental degradation
including deforestation and over-exploitation of fisheries and soil erosion. The heavy loss of life
that occurred during the storm surge was primarily due to earlier loss of more than 75% of the
original mangrove cover in the Delta (UNEP, 2009). The mangrove could have served as a
buffer against the storm surge but unfortunately, it had almost been depleted. This environmental
degradation reduced people’s resilience against the impacts the cyclone caused (UNEP, 2009).
Through the cyclone, various lessons were learnt concerning the environment. Natural resource
management interventions were implemented in the area and the community educated on
sustainability. This was in line to reduce the afterward impacts to protect the vulnerable
individuals.
References
CNN.com. (2018). Hurricane Katrina
Statistics Fast Facts. Retrieved
from https://edition.cnn.com/2
013/08/23/us/hurricanekatrina-statistics-fastfacts/index.html
United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP). (2009). Learning from
Cyclone Nargis: Investing in the
environment for livelihoods and
disaster risk reduction. Retrieved
fromhttps://wedocs.unep.org/
bitstream/handle/20.500.1182
2/14116/myanmar_cyclonenar
gis_case_study.pdf?sequence=1
&isAllowed=y
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1 day ago
David McComb
RE: A Group Blog
Hi Hassan,
COLLAPSE
Speaking from memory, I believe that the Army Corps of Engineers took the majority of the blame for the
failure of levees in New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina. Also, from memory and experience, there are
mixed opinions on classifying Katrina as a natural disaster or man-made disaster due to the state of the
levees.
In a quick library search, I found an article that may serve to provide more information that CNN would.
Wood, M., Kovacs, D., Bostrom, A., Bridges, T., & Linkov, I. (2012). Flood risk management: US army corps of
engineers and layperson perceptions. Risk Analysis, 32(8), 1349-1368. doi:10.1111/j.15396924.2012.01832.x
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11 hours ago
proessor
RE: A Group Blog
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There was lots of blame to go around, David, after Katrina. Most of what I have read seems to indicate that the
major destruction at least to the city of New Orleans was secondary not to the hurricane itself but to the levee
breach. That being the case, Katrina probably was a combination of a natural and man-made disaster. There is
devastation in Mississippi and Texas secondary to that hurricane which was not attributable to the levees.
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11 hours ago
proffessor
RE: A Group Blog
COLLAPSE
Excellent choice but a very significant catastrophic event in world history, Hassan. Authorities have often
stated that more lives have been lost secondary to disasters involving water such as hurricanes, tsunamis and
other flooding events that have been attributed to every other type of natural disaster. As I mentioned in a
post above, I remember very well the Indonesian tsunami of 2004 partly because I had a good friend who was
a missionary in that part of the world at the time. Although the portion of Indonesia where he ministered was
not involved, he and several others did travel to the involved area to help with the response.
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1 day ago
T
RE: A Group Blog
ajdfoe
COLLAPSE
Speaking of hurricanes, I’d like to discuss similar situation which is the strike of hurricane
Maria On Wednesday September 20/2017 Puerto Rico got stricken by hurricane Maria that had a
great impact on the island which left the citizens into a desperate humanitarian crisis. Almost
50% of the population lived below the poverty line and the unemployment rate reached the
highest levels. Approximately 135,000 Puerto Ricans have left their homes and settled in the
continental. As a result of this tragedy 500,000 residents will leave the island by 2019 while the
rest of population are committed to restore the infrastructure no matter how long it takes. Even
though, they have defecated themselves for that purpose they still need support for essentials. A
year after the strike the recovery process still in progress although, the electrical energy has been
restored and accessing the clean water improved still some homes have tarps instead of roofs.
According to the department of homeland security the impact was substantial, a huge number of
people were affected. In order to help a large number of survivors, FEMA has worked with
different federal agencies: state, local, tribal, and territorial government; and also, nongovernmental origination (NGO) and the private sector to unify the efforts to meet the needs of
survivors.
On September 19 just after the strike of hurricane Irma the eye of hurricane Maria passed just
south of the USVI to make a landfall in Puerto Rico on September 20. President Trump has
declared the need of disaster management interference. The federal government also started a
massive and united response and recovery potation. The number of federal staffs on the ground
were about 3,500. These include a national incident management team (NIMT). By September
29 there were more than 10,000 federal staff (including more than 800 FEMA personal). All
these people were working 24/7 with territorial and local officials to secure the situation. To date
FEMA has delivered a tremendous amount of food and water the people of Puerto Rico and the
USVI in support of disaster survivor. Not only but also FEMA helped to restore the power by
assigning the U.S army corps of engineers (USACE) to provide the power temporarily. USACE
installed over 1,900 emergency generators in Puerto Rico and 180 in USVI.
References
Schwartz, E. (2018, September 13). Quick facts: Hurricane Maria’s effect on Puerto Rico.
Retrieved from https://www.mercycorps.org/articles/united-states/quick-facts-hurricanemarias-effect-puerto-rico
Written testimony of FEMA for a House Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Oversight
and Investigations hearing titled “Update on the Restoration of Puerto Rico’s Electric
Infrastructure”. (2018, August 14). Retrieved
fromhttps://www.dhs.gov/news/2018/04/11/written-testimony-fema-house-energy-andcommerce-subcommittee-oversight-and
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11 hours ago
professor
RE: A Group Blog
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Great point about hurricane Maria,Tariq. The island of Puerto Rico is still recovering from that catastrophic
event almost 2 years after it took place.
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1 day ago
kjn
RE: A Group Blog
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Hello,
I agree with you Dr. Parrillo that the preparedness and emergency response to the
hurricane Katrina of 2005 in New Orleans had significant challenges. The government
received much criticism from opposition leaders as well as the international community.
The main contributor to the poor response was the magnitude of the disaster. Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and other government and humanitarian
organizations had underestimated the number of people affected by the hurricane. They
had projected that initial response of food and water for 1500 people would be enough but
that was not the case as thousands more became displaced and one thousand eight
hundred and thirty-three died. Political leaders were under pressure to perform which
resulted in what would be considered slow decision making based on the urgency of the
situation (Marable & Clarke, 2016). Indeed, poor communication further contributed to
poor response; humanitarian organizations could not agree on a common strategy, and
each did their own thing as separate independent groups.
Mayor Nagin who made critical decisions regarding the evacuation process received
much criticism. He failed to give an official warning until it was a day to the occurrence of
the hurricane. Additionally, transport was available in the form of school buses, but he
failed to give the go-ahead for their use in the evacuation process. As a result of his
decisions, thousands of residents were trapped trying to get out the state in the congested
roads. The response was also wanting in the treatment of foreign people visiting the states.
Some foreigners claimed that priority was given to American citizens and they were left
stranded. Federal and state government has taken deliberate steps to ensure that the same
thing is not repeated. Residents are given fair warning in case of a natural disaster threat,
and if it does occur, the local authorities are divided into groups to maintain order during
the response and to perform rescue efforts.
Reference
Marable, M., & Clarke, K. (Eds.). (2016). Seeking higher ground: the Hurricane Katrina
crisis, race, and public policy reader. Springer.
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11 hours ago
proffessor
RE: A Group Blog
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Thank you, Ayman. I have mentioned to several classes that I believe we can do an entire semester elective
on lessons learned from Hurricane Katrina.
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1 day ago
poi
RE: A Group Blog
COLLAPSE
The effects of the storm were ubiquitous. According to Montano (2014), “The most
significant impacts occurred in areas that experienced not just the hurricane itself but also
subsequent flooding.” Many people evacuated and displaced for months or more. Moreover, as
you mentioned, one of the problems in Katrina was from a lack of communication with the
information management system which was inadequately implemented. When a disaster occurs,
the situation would be changed rapidly, and miscommunication is to be expected. The managers
need to acquire the information at the right time, and it would be critical to base all the decisions
on robust and reliable data. Therefore, the Katrina crisis strengthened the response system to a
significant disaster incident (Banipal, 2006).
References
Banipal, K. (2006). Strategic approach to
disaster management: lessons learned
from Hurricane Katrina. Disaster
Prevention and Management: An
International Journal, 15(3), 484-494
Montano, S. L. (2014). Formation and
lifespans of emergent recovery groups
in post-katrina new orleans Available
from ProQuest Dissertations & Theses
Full Text: The Humanities and Social
Sciences Collection
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11 hours ago
Proffessor
RE: A Group Blog
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Most people think about the city of New Orleans in Louisiana when they think of Hurricane Katrina. While
that city was indeed devastated and has not yet fully recovered almost 15 years after the Hurricane took
place, Katrina also caused significant damage in the states of Mississippi and Texas.
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1 day ago
Asd
RE: A Group Blog
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After the hurricane Katrina occurred, the Coastal Protection Restoration Authority (CPRA) was
created by the Louisiana state legislature. CPRA was helpful to develop strategies to assist
policymakers in improving a more sustainable coast (Edward B, 2015). However, Hurricane
Maria which struck Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017, is considered a humanitarian crisis. It
was the most significant storm that hits the island in the last 80 years. About 3.4 million citizens
live there. One hundred thirty-five thousand left the island after the hurricane. The island still
needs assistance and support to recover. We also may consider the weather change. As a result,
that hurricane might occur again in the next years (Emma, 2018). Puerto Rico’s planning board
estimated that impact of Hurricane Maria on the economy of Puerto Rico at $43 billion. The
population has curiously decreased after Maria Although the population number had
been declining over the last decade. The number went from 3.8 million to almost 3.3 among the
previous 15 years only. The question is how to prevent the population from persisting to
decline (Ortiz, 2018).
References:
Policy: Hurricane Katrina’s lessons for the world.Barbier EB – Nature – August 20, 2015; 524
(7565); 285-7
Schwartz, Emma (2018, September 13). Quick facts: Hurricane Maria’s effect on Puerto Rico.
Retrieved from https://www.mercycorps.org/articles/united-states/quick-facts-hurricanemarias-effect-puerto-rico
Jorge L. Ortiz (2018, December 04).Hurricane Maria’s economic impact on Puerto Rico: At least
$43 billion, possibly as high as $159 billion
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2018/12/04/hurricane-maria-economic-impact-puertorico/2209231002/
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11 hours ago
Steven Parrillo INSTRUCTOR MANAGER
RE: A Group Blog
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