Transportation Research News Report Review the Transportation Research News Report, August 2013. attached below.This is a long document that you can review

Transportation Research News Report Review the Transportation Research News Report, August 2013. attached below.This is a long document that you can review later, but focus on pages 11-17 addressing Humanitarian Relief and Broken Supply Chains. There are 7 key topics in this section. Pick one area and briefly explain its impact- positive or negative- as it relates to relief and supply chains. If you can find a disaster to support your position, that would be great. JULY–AUGUST 2013
NUMBER 287
TR NEWS
Logistics of
Disaster Response
! Key Lessons for Postdisaster Humanitarian Logistics
! Building Adaptive Supply Chains
! Assembling a Model for Community Recovery
! Planning for the Worst, Teaming with the Best
! Securing the Fuel Supply
! Timely Interventions: Social Media, Ferries
! Commercial Aviation and Business Continuity
Plus:
Communicating the Urgency
for Action on Climate Change
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD
2013 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE*
National Academy of Sciences
National Academy of Engineering
Institute of Medicine
National Research Council
The Transportation Research Board is one
of six major divisions of the National
Research Council, which serves as an
independent adviser to the federal government and others on scientific and
technical questions of national importance, and which is jointly administered
by the National Academy of Sciences, the
National Academy of Engineering, and
the Institute of Medicine. The mission of
the Transportation Research Board is to
provide leadership in transportation
innovation and progress through
research and information exchange, conducted within a setting that is objective,
interdisciplinary, and multimodal. The
Board’s varied activities annually engage
about 7,000 engineers, scientists, and
other transportation researchers and
practitioners from the public and private
sectors and academia, all of whom contribute their expertise in the public interest. The program is supported by state
transportation departments, federal
agencies including the component
administrations of the U.S. Department
of Transportation, and other organizations and individuals interested in the
development of transportation.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of
Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad
community of science and technology
with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the
federal government. Functioning in
accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has
become the principal operating agency
of both the National Academy of
Sciences and the National Academy of
Engineering in providing services to the
government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities.
www.TRB.org
Chair: Deborah H. Butler, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk,
Virginia
Vice Chair: Kirk T. Steudle, Director, Michigan Department of Transportation, Lansing
Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board
Victoria A. Arroyo, Executive Director, Georgetown Climate Center, and Visiting Professor, Georgetown
University Law Center, Washington, D.C.
Scott E. Bennett, Director, Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department, Little Rock
William A. V. Clark, Professor of Geography (emeritus) and Professor of Statistics (emeritus), Department of
Geography, University of California, Los Angeles
James M. Crites, Executive Vice President of Operations, Dallas–Fort Worth International Airport, Texas
Malcolm Dougherty, Director, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento
John S. Halikowski, Director, Arizona Department of Transportation, Phoenix
Michael W. Hancock, Secretary, Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, Frankfort
Susan Hanson, Distinguished University Professor Emerita, School of Geography, Clark University, Worcester,
Massachusetts
Steve Heminger, Executive Director, Metropolitan Transportation Commission, Oakland, California
Chris T. Hendrickson, Duquesne Light Professor of Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania
Jeffrey D. Holt, Managing Director, Bank of Montreal Capital Markets, and Chairman, Utah Transportation
Commission, Huntsville, Utah
Gary P. LaGrange, President and CEO, Port of New Orleans, Louisiana
Michael P. Lewis, Director, Rhode Island Department of Transportation, Providence
Joan McDonald, Commissioner, New York State Department of Transportation, Albany
Donald A. Osterberg, Senior Vice President, Safety and Security, Schneider National, Inc., Green Bay, Wisconsin
Steve Palmer, Vice President of Transportation, Lowe’s Companies, Inc., Mooresville, North Carolina
Sandra Rosenbloom, Director, Innovation in Infrastructure, The Urban Institute, Washington, D.C. (Past Chair,
2012)
Henry G. (Gerry) Schwartz, Jr., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri
Kumares C. Sinha, Olson Distinguished Professor of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
Indiana
Daniel Sperling, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy; Director, Institute of
Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis
Gary C. Thomas, President and Executive Director, Dallas Area Rapid Transit, Dallas, Texas
Phillip A. Washington, General Manager, Regional Transportation District, Denver, Colorado
Rebecca M. Brewster, President and COO, American Transportation Research Institute, Marietta, Georgia
(ex officio)
Anne S. Ferro, Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation
(ex officio)
LeRoy Gishi, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior,
Washington, D.C. (ex officio)
John T. Gray II, Senior Vice President, Policy and Economics, Association of American Railroads, Washington,
D.C. (ex officio)
Michael P. Huerta, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation
(ex officio)
David T. Matsuda, Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Michael P. Melaniphy, President and CEO, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, D.C.
(ex officio)
Victor M. Mendez, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation
(ex officio)
Robert J. Papp (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland
Security (ex officio)
Lucy Phillips Priddy, Research Civil Engineer, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi, and Chair,
TRB Young Members Council (ex officio)
Cynthia L. Quarterman, Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S.
Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Peter M. Rogoff, Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
David L. Strickland, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Department of
Transportation (ex officio)
Joseph C. Szabo, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Polly Trottenberg, Under Secretary for Policy, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Robert L. Van Antwerp (Lt. General, U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C. (ex officio)
Barry R. Wallerstein, Executive Officer, South Coast Air Quality Management District, Diamond Bar, California
(ex officio)
Gregory D. Winfree, Acting Administrator, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S.
Department of Transportation (ex officio)
Frederick G. (Bud) Wright, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation
Officials, Washington, D.C. (ex officio)
* Membership as of August 2013.
TR NEWS
NUMBER 287
JULY–AUGUST 2013
LOGISTICS OF DISASTER RESPONSE AND BUSINESS CONTINUITY
3
INTRODUCTION
Transportation’s Roles in Disaster Response
Jon S. Meyer
Many parties are involved in transportation’s role in disaster relief and business continuity;
the articles assembled here offer snapshots of well-researched initiatives, improvements,
collaborations, insights, and the steps ahead.
4
4
Improving Postdisaster Humanitarian Logistics:
Three Key Lessons from Catastrophic Events
José Holguín-Veras, Miguel Jaller, and Tricia Wachtendorf
The authors present three practical lessons gleaned from fieldwork after the Port-auPrince, Haiti, earthquake and the Tohoku, Japan, tsunami: the strategic differences between
disasters and catastrophes, the need to control the spontaneous flow of supplies, and the
benefits of integrating the civic society into the response and recovery.
11
Humanitarian Relief and Broken Supply Chains: Advancing Logistics Performance
John T. (Jock) Menzies III and Omar (Keith) Helferich
All of the stakeholders in a relief operation—donors, humanitarian groups, governments,
local nongovernment organizations, the military, and the private sector—are connected by
a fragile supply chain. The challenge is to create a flexible and adaptive supply chain for
humanitarian relief, capable of launching a variety of services appropriate to the incident,
with a wide scope, in a short time. The authors identify practical approaches.
18
17 Humanitarian Clean Water Initiative in the Dominican Republic: Summary of a
Sustainability Pilot
John T. (Jock) Menzies III and Omar (Keith) Helferich
18
Building Resilience in Community Recovery:
Overcoming Supply Chain Performance Challenges in a Crisis
Charlotte Franklin
The Arlington County Office of Emergency Management is implementing a supply
chain–focused partnership between local government and private businesses. The goal is to
enable a fast, smooth transition from the supply chain’s normal, cost-efficient function to
the life-saving focus needed in a crisis.
32
20 Summit Explores Lessons from Supply Chains
23 Disaster Resilience in America: Steps Forward
Elizabeth A. Eide and Lauren Alexander Augustine
24 Fuel Supply in an Emergency: Securing the Weakest Link
Herby Lissade
26 Social Media in Disaster Preparation, Response, and Recovery
Sarah M. Kaufman
28 Ferries to the Rescue: Lessons for Resilience on Waterways
Roberta E. Weisbrod and Adam Zaranko
30 Emergency Management and Business Continuity Within Commercial Aviation
Richard Bloom, Joyce Kirk-Moyer, and Norm Wrona
32
Planning for the Worst, Teaming with the Best: Instituting an Emergency
Management Program in Idaho to Maximize Performance
Bryan D. Smith
Instead of building a conventional emergency management office, the Idaho
Transportation Department has established a broad, team-focused system and program that
can tap into all the expertise, staff, and resources of the department and the state. The best
cross-functional team can be ready for deployment anywhere in the state at any time, and
can grow as fast as necessary, as big as necessary, for as long as necessary.
38 Transportation Hazards and Security Summit and Peer Exchange:
Advancing Research and Applications for Agencies
Stephan A. Parker
COVER: A U.S. Coast Guard crew loads
medical supplies for first responders in Portau-Prince, Haiti, after the 2010 earthquake.
Recent natural and human-caused disasters
have highlighted gaps in international aid
and disaster relief logistics. (Photo: Stephen
Lehmann, U.S. Coast Guard)
TR NEWS
40
features articles on innovative and timely
research and development activities in all modes
of transportation. Brief news items of interest to
the transportation community are also included,
along with profiles of transportation professionals, meeting announcements, summaries of
new publications, and news of Transportation
Research Board activities.
POINT OF VIEW
Communicating the Urgency for Action on Climate Change:
Challenges and Approaches
Robert B. Noland
The science of climate change suggests that ambitious initiatives are needed in
planning for adaptation and in implementing policies to mitigate potentially severe
impacts in the next 50 years. How can transportation professionals play a role in
advocating and implementing the most effective policy options? The author
reviews research that offers guidelines for overcoming the barriers to
communication about climate change.
TR News is produced by the
Transportation Research Board
Publications Office
Javy Awan, Editor and Publications Director
Lea Camarda, Associate Editor
Jennifer J. Weeks, Photo Researcher
Juanita Green, Production Manager
Michelle Wandres, Graphic Designer
A L S O
44
I N
I S S U E :
Profiles
C. Randall (Randy) Mullett, public policy, corporate security, and communications
executive at Con-way Inc.; and Eric C. Shen, Director of Transportation Planning
for the Port of Long Beach, California
TR News Editorial Board
Frederick D. Hejl, Chairman
Jerry A. DiMaggio
Charles Fay
Christine L. Gerencher
Edward T. Harrigan
Christopher J. Hedges
Russell W. Houston
Katherine Kortum
Thomas R. Menzies, Jr.
G.P. Jayaprakash, Research Pays Off Liaison
46
Research Pays Off
Extending the Service Life of Pavement Markings: Iowa Applies Innovation and
Technology to Reduce Costs, Increase Safety
Omar Smadi, Neal Hawkins, and Robert Younie
49
Calendar
Transportation Research Board
Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Executive Director
Suzanne B. Schneider, Associate Executive
Director
Mark R. Norman, Director,
Technical Activities
Stephen R. Godwin, Director,
Studies and Special Programs
Gary J. Walker, Director,
Administration and Finance
Christopher W. Jenks, Director,
Cooperative Research Programs
Ann M. Brach, Director, SHRP 2
50
TR News (ISSN 0738-6826) is issued bimonthly by the
Transportation Research Board, National Research
Council, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001.
Internet address: www.TRB.org.
54
News Briefs
56
Bookshelf
TRB Highlights
Webinars Save State Agencies Money, 50
Lisa Berardi Marflak
Cooperative Research Programs News, 50
Second Strategic Highway Research Program News, 51
On-Time Arrival App Wins Six-Minute Pitch: Young Members Council Sponsors
Annual Meeting Challenge, 52
Shana R. Johnson
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Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright © 2013 National Academy of Sciences.
All rights reserved. For permissions, contact TRB.
Noise barriers—the traditional approach
to traffic noise abatement in the
suburban setting—target the primary
noise source and provide a means of
restoring or improving the soundscape.
The September–October issue of TR News
focuses on environmental sustainability in
transportation and how it can improve the
quality of life for individuals and communities. Articles highlight practice-ready research
and cover such topics as integrating vegetation and green infrastructure into sustainable
transportation planning; implementing the
Eco-Logical approach in Nevada, Colorado,
Utah, Montana, Washington, and Oregon;
Virginia’s improved construction specifications for stormwater pipe-lining materials;
creating a multiagency sustainability framework in Colorado; effective noise barriers in
North Carolina; Delaware’s use of recycling
materials and techniques; sustainability in
airspace system planning; and more.
T
he Transportation Research Board established the Task Force
on Logistics of Disaster Response and Business Continuity in
2012. The mission of the task force is to provide a forum to
initiate and facilitate discussion, feedback, and exchange between
the different parties involved in the various aspects of disaster
relief and humanitarian aid logistics—from academia, industry, all
levels of government, the military, research, nongovernmental
organizations, and U.S. and international relief agencies.
The need for this dialogue is readily apparent in the response
to the many natural disasters that have occurred in the past few
years—for example, the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan
and Superstorm Sandy, the deadliest and most destructive
hurricane of the 2012 Atlantic season and the second-costliest in
U.S. history. The feature articles, minifeatures, and sidebars in this
issue of TR News provide snapshots of the many parties involved
in transportation’s role in disaster relief and business continuity—
their well-researched initiatives, improvements, collaborations,
insights, and the steps ahead—to stimulate interest in this topic,
as well as participation in the ongoing efforts of the task force.
—Jon S. Meyer, Chair
Task Force on Logistics of Disaster Relief
and Business Continuity
TR NEWS 287 JULY–AUGUST 2013
Appreciation is expressed to TRB Senior
Program Officers Joedy W. Cambridge,
who retired in May, and Scott Brotemarkle
for their work in developing this issue of
TR News. The magazine’s editorial board
salutes Cambridge for her work in coordinating a variety of theme issues on marine,
freight, and transportation security topics
and in recruiting many additional feature
articles during her TRB career.
3
Improving Postdisaster Humanitarian Logistics
Three Key Lessons from Catastrophic Events
JOSÉ HOLGUÍN-VERAS, MIGUEL JALLER, AND TRICIA WACHTENDORF
4
Publisher’s Note:
Holguín-Veras is a 2013
recipient of a U.S. White
House Champion of
Change Award for “exemplary leadership in developing or implementing
transportation technology
solutions to enhance performance, reduce congestion, improve safety, and
facilitate communication
across the transportation
industry….”
Flooding at the Sendai
Airport near the site of
the March 2011 Tohoku
tsunami.
C
atastrophic events such as the 2004 Indian
Ocean tsunami, Hurricane Katrina in 2005,
the 2010 Port-au-Prince earthquake, and the
Tohoku tsunami in 2011 reinforce the critical importance of postdisaster humanitarian logistics (PD-HL),
not only in transporting and distributing supplies to
the affected populations but in the larger response
effort. Conducting efficient and effective PD-HL
operations in the aftermath of such events is a huge
challenge.
The world today is embedded in complex
sociotechnical systems—networks of individuals
conducting technical activities through a set of supporting systems, such as transportation, communications, and finance. The impacts of a catastrophe on
these components and systems are severe, as individual members of the social networks may be killed,
injured, or displaced; the equipment and materials
needed to conduct the technical activities may be
destroyed or may lack the necessary inputs to run;
and all of the supporting systems are likely to be
inoperable or to function at a fraction of their normal capacity.
Catastrophic events present other unique and
notable challenges. In the aftermath, large and
dynamically changing volumes of critical supplies
must be transported in a short time; great uncertainty prevails about the needs for critical supplies;
the ability of the local civic society to organize a
response is compromised; large portions of critical
local assets are destroyed; and huge flows of nonpriority donations arrive at the site, distracting
resources from more critical tasks (1–3).
Moreover, a poor understanding of catastrophes
affects the nature and efficiency of a response.
Because catastrophic events are rare, only a minuscule percentage of responders have experience in
postcatastrophe logistics and operations. In addition,
the events are extremely dynamic and can quickly
transition…
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