ENG108 Is obesity a disease or a risk factor? 32. Follow the instruction to write 1page brainstormAll the work must be originalTurnitin report is require W

ENG108 Is obesity a disease or a risk factor? 32. Follow the instruction to write 1page brainstormAll the work must be originalTurnitin report is require WRITING YOUR ZERO DRAFT
 Novelist Jack London said, “You can’t wait for inspiration; you
have to go after it with a club.” Putting your fingers to the
keyboard and writing a draft can help you hunt down the
inspiration you’re waiting for.
Keep the following in mind when
writing a zero draft for in this class.
 It does not matter what you say or how you say it at this point.
You are just trying to get your thoughts out in the open where
you can work with them.
 This draft may bear no
resemblance to the final
version, but it is the first step
in what the final draft can
become.
 This draft may bear no resemblance to the final version,
but it is the first step in what the final draft can become.
 Sometimes it is easier to give shape and order to random
writing than it is to force ideas into orderly prose.

 • If you get stuck, write “I’m stuck here” and go on.
If you know
what you need to do but can’t, describe it. Remember, this is
not a “real” draft, so it doesn’t have to be complete or even
linear.
 • Don’t get married to this, or any draft. Don’t even get a crush
on it. Be prepared to be very critical of it and to change it (or
even throw it out and start over if need be).
 Turn off the little voice in your head that wants to correct
grammar, question and doubt, or judge your writing in any way.
Turn off your computer monitor if need be and just type!
 • Write this draft in the way that is most comfortable for you.
If
you need loud music and a gel pen, go for it. If you like to have
your first paragraph nailed before you can really begin, spend
your time perfecting that lead. (You will need to type it up to
send to your workshop partners via e-mail, however.)
 • To ensure that you get the most out of the zero draft
experience, write for at least an hour, steadily.
SOURCE
 Colorado State U writing.colostate.edu/comparchive/co150/0708/zerodraftsample.doc

ENG 108/Myles/Spring 2019
Writing Project One:
Writing a Definitional Argument
Is X a Y?
Write an argument that develops a definitional claim of the form “X is (is not) a Y,”1
where Y is a controversial term with a disputed definition. In your essay, you must
argue whether or not a given X borderline (doubtful, uncertain) case belongs to concept
Y, which you must define.2 You will need to write an extended definition of a concept
such as “police brutality,” “child abuse,” “free speech,” or another similar concept that
is both familiar yet tricky to define precisely. After you have established your
definition, you will need to apply it to a “borderline case,” arguing whether the
borderline case fits or does not fit the definition.
Typically your argument will have a criteria section in which you develop an
extended definition of your Y term and a match section in which you argue that your X
does (does not) meet the criteria for Y.
Project Choices:
1. Identify a cultural or social issue that interests you and which also concerns a
disputed definition. Examples: Are skateboarder punks or athletes? Is spanking a
form of child abuse? Is flag burning protected free speech?
2. Identify a definitional controversy that exists over a borderline (doubtful, uncertain
case (i.e., whether something is a “true” or “real” example of some category).
Examples: Are chiropractors “real doctors”? Is a gourmet chef a “true artist”? Is rap
music truly misogynous? Is the novel (or film) Sophie’s Choice a true tragedy?
3. Identify a definitional controversy by brainstorming borderline cases for such item
as courage, cruelty, or police brutality. Examples: Is mountain climbing an act of
courage? Are rodeos and/or zoos examples of cruelty to animals? Is the use of a
stun gun an example of police brutality?
Learning Outcomes:
•
•
You will use invention strategies to develop ideas for a topic.
You will develop a clear description that there is an argument to be made about
whether X is (is not) a Y.
Note well that you need not phrase it this way; the structure above is offered as a guide for your invention
process. Your finished essay will need to state the central claim clearly but in a way consistent with your purpose
in the essay itself.
1
2
Adapted from John Ramage, Writing Arguments.
2
•
•
•
•
You will use research and support for your argument using compelling reasons
backed up with evidence.
You will learn how to anticipate and refute objections to your argument.
You will learn to critique your own and others’ works.
You will learn to use direct quotations from your sources in your essay (at least
two).
Grading Criteria:
• Paper convinces the reader that there is an argument about whether X is (is not) a Y.
• Paper convinces the reader of the criteria-match structure for the X and Y terms.
• Paper anticipates & refutes objections.
• Paper demonstrates knowledge of the subject, using evidence effectively, with
appropriate examples.
• Paper engages the audience’s interest, reflects audience awareness, and establishes
sense of purpose.
• Paper provides effective structural cues to help readers to follow the organization of
ideas in the paper with conclusion reinforcing the focus and dominant ideas in the
paper.
• Paper is carefully read and edited. Paper is free of serious grammar and
punctuation errors.
Format:
• Use MLA essay format.
• Use 12 point Times New Roman font
• Margins must be 1” inch margins all the around.
• All cited sources must be listed in a Works Cited page, and all sources listed in
your Works Cited page must be cited in your paper.
• Include a developed title for your essay. Example: What Defines a Sport?; “Your
Daily Multi-Vitamin May Be Hurting You;” Mickey Mouse is a Human
• For each draft, number your pages, beginning with the second page, in the top
right corner.
Sources: Provide two- three sources for your paper. You should use understandable
facts, examples, statistics, testimonies, etc., to support your findings and explain your
definition. Ask yourself, “Which examples will best help readers understand the term?
What examples would most appeal to my readers? Will a brief story reveal the term’s
meaning? Wikipedia is not an accepted source.
Length: Four full pages and a Works Cited page.
Submission: Upload drafts in Canvas. You will also submit a two-pocket folder with
invention materials (drafts, peer reviews, Toulmin model, and final draft.)
3
Model Essays:
• Arthur Knopf (Student), “Is Milk a Healthy Food?” pp. 242-244
• Alex Mullen, (Student), “A Pirate but Not a Thief: What Does ‘Stealing’ Mean in
a Digital Environment?” pp. 244-246
• Los Angeles Times Editorial Board, “College Football—Yes, It’s a Job” p. 247
• “The War on Obama’s Faith: Who’s Really Holier Than Thou?”
http://thegrio.com/2012/02/23/the-war-on-obamas-faith-whos-really-holierthan-thou/
Order of Assignments:
Two Topic Ideas Due Thurs., Jan. 31
Provide a one-page essay (double-space) on topic. Refer to example and questions on
Canvas to answer for paper proposal. You will provide two possible topics. You will
write 3-4 brief paragraphs describing your first topic idea using the prompt questions.
Audience Analysis and Toulmin Model, TBA
Sketch Due Tues., Feb. 5
Use worksheet provided,
Definition and Criteria-Match TBA
Develop definition and criteria-match using the worksheet provided.
Research: Support, Reason, and Evidence for Your Argument. Bibliography TBA
Provide the grounds for your argument.
Counterarguments/Opposing Views and Rebuttal, TBA
Write opposing views and your rebuttal or concession. Imagine ways how your readers
might deny your argument. Refute or concede to those views. Two paragraphs.
Complete First Draft with Toulmin Model, Thurs., Feb. 7
You must bring two hard copies for a grade and participation.
Revised Draft with Track Edits, Thurs., Feb., 14
You must bring two hard copies for a grade and participation.
Final Draft with Reflection Essay, Tues., Feb., 26
Two-Pocket Folder with Invention Materials, Tues., Feb. 26
4
Organization Plan 1: Definition Argument with Criteria and Match in Separate
Sections
Introduce the issue and state your
claim.3
Present your criteria.
Present your match argument.
Conclude.
•
Engage reader’s interest in your definition issue
and show why it is controversial or problematic.
•
Show what’s at stake.
•
Provide needed background information
needed by your audience.
•
State your thesis with reasons.
•
State and develop criterion 1 in a topic sentence
•
State and develop criterion 2 in a topic sentence
•
State and develop criterion 3 in a topic sentence
•
Continue with the rest of your criterion-match
arguments.
•
Anticipate and respond to possible objections to
the criteria.
•
Consider restating your claim for clarity.
•
Argue that your case meets (does not meet)
criterion 1.
•
Argue that your case meets (does not meet)
criterion 2.
•
Argue that your case meets (does not meet)
criterion 3
•
Anticipate and respond to possible objections to
the match argument.
•
Perhaps sum up your argument.
•
Help reader return to the “big picture” of
what’s at stake.
End with something memorable.
•
3
Source: John Ramage. Writing Arguments. New York: Pearson, 2010. 285-310.
5
Organization Plan 2: Definition Argument with Criteria and Match Interwoven
Introduce the issue and state your
claim.4
Present series of criteria-match
arguments.
Respond to possible objections to
your argument.
Conclude.
•
Engage reader’s interest in your definition issue
and show why it is controversial or problematic.
•
Show what’s at stake.
•
Provide needed background information
needed by your audience.
•
State your thesis with reasons.
•
State and develop criterion 1 in a topic sentence
and argue that your case meets (does not meet)
the criterion.
•
State and develop criterion 2 in a topic sentence
and argue that your case meets (does not meet)
the criterion.
•
State and develop criterion 3 in a topic sentence
and argue that your case meets (does not meet)
the criterion.
•
Continue with the rest of your criterion-match
arguments.
•
Anticipate and summarize possible objections.
•
Respond to the objections through rebuttal or
concession. Use 1-2 strategies for rebutting your
opponent (Writing Arguments 131).
•
Perhaps sum up your argument.
•
Help reader return to the “big picture” of
what’s at stake.
End with something memorable.
•
4
Source: John Ramage. Writing Arguments. New York: Pearson, 2010. 285-310.
WRITING YOUR ZERO DRAFT
 Novelist Jack London said, “You can’t wait for inspiration; you
have to go after it with a club.” Putting your fingers to the
keyboard and writing a draft can help you hunt down the
inspiration you’re waiting for.
Keep the following in mind when
writing a zero draft for in this class.
 It does not matter what you say or how you say it at this point.
You are just trying to get your thoughts out in the open where
you can work with them.
 This draft may bear no
resemblance to the final
version, but it is the first step
in what the final draft can
become.
 This draft may bear no resemblance to the final version,
but it is the first step in what the final draft can become.
 Sometimes it is easier to give shape and order to random
writing than it is to force ideas into orderly prose.

 • If you get stuck, write “I’m stuck here” and go on.
If you know
what you need to do but can’t, describe it. Remember, this is
not a “real” draft, so it doesn’t have to be complete or even
linear.
 • Don’t get married to this, or any draft. Don’t even get a crush
on it. Be prepared to be very critical of it and to change it (or
even throw it out and start over if need be).
 Turn off the little voice in your head that wants to correct
grammar, question and doubt, or judge your writing in any way.
Turn off your computer monitor if need be and just type!
 • Write this draft in the way that is most comfortable for you.
If
you need loud music and a gel pen, go for it. If you like to have
your first paragraph nailed before you can really begin, spend
your time perfecting that lead. (You will need to type it up to
send to your workshop partners via e-mail, however.)
 • To ensure that you get the most out of the zero draft
experience, write for at least an hour, steadily.
SOURCE
 Colorado State U writing.colostate.edu/comparchive/co150/0708/zerodraftsample.doc

How long does it have to be?
Because it is the outpouring of your brain as it zeros in on your subject, it should be a substantial reflection of all
that your brain can generate about that subject. Much, most, or all of what you write in this draft may be
eventually trashed. This is part of a discovery process. The more you write here, the better will be your chances of
uncovering good stuff, real thought-treasure (From Notes from Peter Elbow, Writing Without Teachers).

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