Expansive History and Cultural Narratives This is a 6 paragraph essay and is a research essay, I have guidelines to follow and the professor is giving me a

Expansive History and Cultural Narratives This is a 6 paragraph essay and is a research essay, I have guidelines to follow and the professor is giving me a thesis rather than you needing to come up with one. Notes from lecture on how to generate the background that comes before the topic sentences.
The thesis is much broader for the research paper. It encompasses the previous thesis statements. As a
result, you need to provide some background information before the topic sentences, so the readers will
see you address multiple texts and let them know some identifying information about these works and
their creators.
As discussed in class, the background states whom your topic sentence and support paragraph address.
It provides brief biographical information and states how the person/group/film fits in with the thesis
idea. It then states the name of the works(s) your paragraph will discuss.
Thesis: , an expansive history and cultural narrative that reveal fallacies and include
the contributions of the diverse peoples in the United States will help us understand each other.
Alice Walker is a Black writer from the United States who grew up during the Civil Rights era.
She draws upon personal experience to show us the inaccuracies in our narrow history and how they
present themselves in contemporary society. In her novel Living by the Word, in a short story titled “The
Dummy in the Window, she exposes Joel Chandler Harris and his daughter-in-law Julia Collier Harris for
the way they distort the reality of the lives slaves led. In her story, she shows us how Julia Collier Harris
presents the false idea that slavery was a pleasant experience.
Walker is not the only author to address a distorted media and history. Maya Angelou, also a
Black civil rights activist, addresses them as well. In Angelou’s novel I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings,
the excerpt “My Name Is Margaret” tells of the life of a ten-year old Black child who has no voice either
in the story or against the oppression of the dominant White culture. Due to this dominance in the
media, Margaret feels her African features are not attractive.
Although our history and culture are very curated to make the Caucasian founders of and others
similar to them appear as if they were, and still are, the driving forces behind our country’s
achievements, this is a story, their story, and it needs serious expansion. Many people contributed to
the United States in the past and continue to do so today and will in the future. No less important than
the points Walker and Angelou bring to our attention are the points we ourselves either find through
our curiosity and research or know from our family history and travels, points which we do not see
taught or addressed by the media. One very important person (and countless others) whom we need to
include in our expanded history is the Armenian inventor Asatour Sarafian, also known as Oscar H.
Banker, who invented the pneumatic inoculation gun, which has saved countless lives.
Fiction can also provide an incentive to expand history when we take the time to understand the
messages. One such film that can expand our history and culture and allow us to learn about others is
Black Panther. This movie takes place mostly in Africa in the fictional and extremely advanced country of
Wakanda. Wakanda is hidden from the outside world, by choice, so few know of its existence. Wakanda
is wealthy, beautiful, and its people are prosperous and highly innovative. This invisibility, though, might
easily be a metaphor. The invisibility of Wakanda to outsiders is a metaphor for the way almost all of us
in the United States willingly blind ourselves to Africa’s richness and advancements.
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RESEARCH PAPER DUE IN CLASS ON TUESDAY 5 FEBRUARY 2019 – REVISED VERSION THURSDAY 31 JANUARY
2019.
You will download the research paper as a PDF file on the day of the final. Please name your file:
Last Name_First Initial_RP (example – Smythe_S_RP).
NOTE: I DO NOT hand back research papers. If you’d like to review your research paper, please see me the
following semester, and I will be more than happy to review it with you.
This research paper is 6 paragraphs in length. You must include a Works Cited page. You must argue the thesis
below:
Thesis: , an expansive history and cultural narrative that reveals current fallacies and includes
the contributions of the diverse peoples in the United States will help us understand each other.
PARAGRAPH 1: THE INTRODUCTION – EXPANDING HISTORY AND CULTURE
Begin your introduction with a quote that you feel is relevant to the thesis. Cite this. Add this to your Works
Cited.
Next, discuss brief statement about what we learn about history and culture in school and the media. For example,
describe what history, such as texts, and media, such as newsfeeds, TV, and films, show us about people in the
United States. You might wish to consider, and answer, one or more of the following questions: What did you learn
about other peoples in school? What do you see on TV about specific groups of people? Do you feel there are
people who are left out?
The introduction must be ~7 sentences in length.
V
THESIS: , an expansive history and cultural narrative that reveals current fallacies and includes
the contributions of the diverse peoples in the United States will help us understand each other.
PARAGRAPH 2: SUPPORT PARAGRAPH 1 – REVISE, AS NEEDED, THE SUPPORT PARAGRAPH FOR WALKER’S STORY
“THE DUMMY IN THE WINDOW.”
1.
2.
3.
BEFORE THE TOPIC SENTENCE, ADD THE GRADE YOU RECEIVED ON YOUR ESSAY IN PARENTHESES.
a. Also, per class discussion, add 1-2 background sentences to present your topic sentence.
b. EX: (B) 1-2 background/transition sentences. Topic sentence 1
i. UNDERLINE THE TOPIC SENTENCE ONLY, NOT THE BACKGROUND/TRANSITION
CONTEXT/QUOTE 1: Revise if needed.
ANALYSIS 1: Revise if needed.
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PARAGRAPH 3: SUPPORT PARAGRAPH 2 – REVISE, AS NEEDED, THE BEST SUPPORT PARAGRAPH FROM YOUR
ESSAY ON ANGELOU’S STORY “MY NAME IS MARGARET.”
1.
2.
3.
BEFORE THE TOPIC SENTENCE, ADD THE GRADE YOU RECEIVED ON YOUR ESSAY IN PARENTHESES.
a. Also, per class discussion, add 1-2 background sentences to present your topic sentence.
b. EX: (B+) 1-2 background/transition sentences. Topic sentence 2
i. UNDERLINE THE TOPIC SENTENCE ONLY, NOT THE BACKGROUND/TRANSITION
CONTEXT/QUOTE 2: Revise if needed.
ANALYSIS 2: Revise if needed.
PARAGRAPH 4: SUPPORT PARAGRAPH 3 – YOUR DISCOVERY PARAGRAPH ON YOUR HISTORY RESEARCH
1.
2.
TOPIC SENTENCE 3: Add 2-4 background sentences to present your topic sentence. , write
out your topic sentence.
a. Underline your topic sentence
EVIDENCE 3: Write evidence you find that supports your topic sentence about why this person or group
should be included in our history. Use transitions between quotes, summarizes, or paraphrases. YOU MAY
USE 2 QUOTES OR PARAPHRASES. CITE THEM. Search the SMC Library databases, such as JSTOR, first. If
you do not find your person or group, you may do an internet search. Make sure the sites are credible.
3. RESPONSE (6-8 sentences): Address the topic sentence and quote ideas. How do you feel about them? Be
very visual and detailed. This response does not need to be analytical where you are examining an actual
quote although you may do so if you wish. After the paraphrases/summaries, write your impressions,
reactions, and reflections. Please stay on topic, though.
PARAGRAPH 5: SUPPORT PARAGRAPH 4 — SUPPORT PARAGRAPH ON BLACK PANTHER
1.
TOPIC SENTENCE 4: Add 2-4 background sentences to present your topic sentence. , write
out your topic sentence. Underline your topic sentence. You must use the topic sentence from class, but
please modify it a little: The invisibility of Wakanda to outsiders is a metaphor for the way almost
all of us in the United States willingly blind ourselves to Africa’s richness and advancements.
2.
EVIDENCE 4: Summarize/describe a scene, or scenes, from the film appropriate to the topic sentence. End
with your in-text citation. EX: (Black Panther). Remember you must also cite this in your Works Cited.
3. RESPONSE (6-10 sentences): Address the topic sentence and quote ideas. How do you feel about them?
Be very visual and detailed. This response does not need to be analytical. You may write your impressions,
reactions, and reflections. Please stay on topic, though. You may use photographs. Make sure to cite them
in your paper and in your Works Cited.
PARAGRAPH 6: THE CONCLUSION
RESTATE THE THESIS: , an expansive history and cultural narrative that reveals current fallacies
and includes the contributions of the diverse peoples in the United States will help us understand each
other.
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You must add a relevant quote that addresses the thesis. Cite this. Add it to your Works Cited.
Lastly, add two to three ending comments or questions where you apply the thesis idea to 2019.
THE LAST PAGE: WORKS CITED MLA 8
1.
2.
3.
Center Works Cited
Make the sure the page is double-spaced, and use Hanging Indent for entries that are longer than 1 line.
THE WORKS CITED PAGE MUST BE A SEPARATE PAGE.
TEAMS: YOU MAY WORK IN TEAMS AND COPY/PASTE THE SUPPORT PARAGRAPHS
LISTING TEAM MEMBERS: AT THE END OF YOUR WORKS CITED, WRITE: TEAM MEMBERS THEN LIST THE SUPPORT
PARAGRAPHS. (EX: TEAM MEMBERS FOR SUPPORT PARAGRAPHS 1, AND 2).
BELOW THIS, WRITE THE FULL NAME OF EACH TEAM MEMBER
IMPORTANT DETAILS, GUIDELINES, RULES, PLAGIARISM, AND SOURCES
We have workshopped material frequently as a class. It is fine for each person in the group to use the quotes the
group finds or to use a quote another group finds.
Because we have workshopped frequently, you might have similar support paragraph material. Remember that we
workshopped quotes and ideas frequently as groups and as a class, so please know that you may use group work
and class work in your essays. This will not be considered plagiarism. Please note that unless I state you cannot use
certain material, you are free to use any group and class material. This means teams may copy/paste support
paragraphs. YOU CANNOT COPY/PASTE THE BACKGROUNDS FROM MY EXAMPLES. You may follow the logic, yet
the majority of your background must be different than mine. I will allow parts of your backgrounds to be
similar to mine, though.
Cite all sources properly. You cannot use wikis. Please use credible sources, such as reputable newspapers, or
magazines. The SMC Library databases provide credible sources, but you may find others as well, such as local
newspapers from other cities in other states.
Plagiarism will result in a failing grade for this paper. This might seriously impact your class grade. In this class,
plagiarism is use of any class material I have stated you cannot use or failure to correctly cite information as
required by MLA (this includes summarizing and paraphrasing any material, especially in the introduction and
conclusion). You also cannot use material from a person who is not enrolled in the class. All instances of plagiarism
will be referred to the appropriate Glendale Community College person in charge of such matters. This is an SMC
policy.
GRADING
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
This paper is graded A – F. I cannot accept late research papers without a verifiable emergency, which
you must communicate to me via email as soon as possible.
Your paper must be as error free as possible, and your MLA must also be as error free as possible. Errors
in structure (sentence structure especially), spelling, awkward and unclear passages and improper MLA
will negatively impact your grade, so please proof your paper before turning it in.
USE GRAMMARLY OR YOUR WORD PROGRAM’S SPELL CHECK TOOL. SENTENCE STRUCTURE ERRORS,
GRAMMATICAL ERRORS, AND VERY AWKWARD PHRASES WILL IMPACT YOUR GRADE.
YOU MAY ALSO HAVE A PEER OR TUTOR REVIEW YOUR ESSAY FOR ERRORS.
Do not stray, and make sure you have the correct thesis. Make sure you have a quote and analysis for
support paragraphs 1 and 2. For support paragraphs 3 and 4, make sure you have a clear topic sentence,
evidence from your research, and an inventive reflection that does not stray.
a. Any of these errors will have a serious impact on your essay’s grade.
Make sure you use transitions as needed. Do not submit a paper that feels jumpy when read. This means
that each topic sentence must begin with a transition. The thesis in the introduction and conclusion must
also begin with transitions. In addition, make sure you use transitions in your paragraphs.
MODELING THE HISTORY PHOTO AND EC SUPPORT PARAGRAPHS
The following present examples that illustrate how to construct these support
paragraph as discussed in class:
PARAGRAPH REGARDING AN HISTORICAL CHOICE
Although our history and culture is very curated to make the Caucasian founders of
the United States and others similar to them appear as if they were, and still are, the
driving forces behind our country’s achievements, this is a narrow story, and it
needs serious expansion. Many people from contributed to the United States in the
past and continue to contribute today and will in the future. No less important than
the points Walker and Angelou bring to our attention are the points we ourselves
either find through our curiosity and research or know from our family history and
travels, points which we do not see taught or addressed by the media. One very
important person (and countless others) whom we need to include in our expanded
history is the Armenian inventor Asatour Sarafian, also known as Oscar H. Banker,
who invented the pneumatic inoculation gun, which has saved countless lives.
According to , Mr.
Sarafian was born in the Ottoman Empire during the Hamidian Massacres of the late
19th century. His family fled to the United States, and on Ellis Island he took the
name of Oscar H. Banker. His pneumatic inoculation gun .
This invention was so important that when Grenada suffered an epidemic (in-text citation/where you
find the source). What is the first image that comes to most people’s minds when
they see a sophisticated medical device? First, they are usually looking at it to help
heal them, yet if asked where it originated, or who created it, most will likely talk
about a tech firm in the United States populated by engineers, probably all
Caucasian. Why might this be the image that comes to mind? Our history, such as it
is, of course. No disrespect intended, yet many of these people could not point out
Armenia on a map. Many might not even have heard of Armenia. What, then, might
they say when we only state the name “Asatour Sarafian?” Will they know he is
Armenian, and that it is he who created the medical device that might save their
lives? I’ll take a guess and say, “I doubt it.” Had our history covered Armenian
inventors, though, they might not be surprised at the important contributions from
immigrants and their families and instead be grateful they chose our country in
which to live and work.
PARAGRAPH BREAKDOWN
1. The yellow highlighted area. This is the background. Engage the audience
with information and context about your topic sentence idea. Draw the
connection between history and your choice of someone to add.
2. The underlined sentence is the topic sentence.
3. I summarize the invention. You must cite this source when you summarize it
as well.
a. You must also cite this summary (and any other sources) in your
Works Cited.
4. Following the summary, I reflect on my historical choice and show how I
support the topic sentence. I ask questions to hook the audience, too. Please
feel free to write in an engaging way; express your unique voice and thoughts
THE SUPPORT PARAGRAPH FOR BLACK PANTHER
Please follow the class lecture material and the handout. This paragraph takes the
form of the above paragraph. As I did in the previous paragraph, I provide
background and a topic sentence. I then summarize 1 or more scenes from Black
Panther that support my argument. NOTE: In this support paragraph, I use a
photograph. A photograph engages the reader visually and can present a sharp
contrast to the usual visuals the reader might have seen for a very long time.
Fiction can also provide an incentive to expand history when we take the time to
understand the messages. One such film that can expand our history and culture and
allow us to see others is Black Panther. This movie takes place mostly in Africa in the
fictional and extremely advanced country of Wakanda. Wakanda is hidden from the
outside world, by choice, so few know of its existence. Wakanda is wealthy,
beautiful, and its people are prosperous and highly innovative. The invisibility of
Wakanda to outsiders is a metaphor for the way almost all of us in the United States
willingly blind ourselves to Africa’s richness and advancements. In one of the first
scenes, an announcer shows people living very simple lives and comments on their
poverty. She does not see Black Panther’s Wakanda, nor do many others. T’Challa, a
prince soon to become king, flies over the countryside in a highly advanced ship
powered by vibranium. We see stunning mountains, rivers, wildlife, and then we
pierce the invisibility shield and see Wakanda. Wakanda is a place where the beauty
of nature blends with the stunning futuristic architecture of Wakanda(Black
Panther). When I see photographs, documentaries, and media coverage of Africa, I
usually see wildlife shows about lions, or I see impoverished villages. On several
cable channels, I see announcements asking for donations to give African children
desks for school. Are there impoverished areas in Africa? Of course. The same can be
said for the United States. There is so much more to Africa, though, and we do not
get to see it unless we search out the information on our own. However, how many
of us see this, one of many buildings designed by the architect Francis Kere of the
African country Burkina Faso? The following image, located on designboom.com, is
Burkina Faso’s National Assembly, designed by Kéré.
I sure don’t see anything nearly this beautiful in Los Angeles! . Wakanda is not hidden; it
is our taught history and media that are blind, and we are at fault as well. How many
of us know about Francis Kere and can point out Burkina Faso on a map, so we can
expand history by petition, campaigns, and voting? It is time our history does not
leave so many amazing worlds and peoples “invisible.”
1. The yellow highlighted area. This is background., Engage the audience with
information and context about your topic sentence.
2. The underlined sentence is my topic sentence.
3. The green highlighted area is a summary of a scene. Note that I cite it. You
will need to cite your summary as well.
a. You need to add Black Panther as an entry in your Works Cited.
4. After the summary I write my reflection. Please feel free to be inventive,
creative, and have fun.
5. I use a photograph to support my point. You can too! Again, be inventive. If
you use a photograph, you will need to cite it in the paragraph (post the
name and designer(s) in the paragraph – see blue highlighted sentence) and
also cite it in your Works Cited.
a. Please search for these images in the school databases and generate
the citations in the database.
b. If you cannot find images in our databases, you may use a search
engine to find a photograph. No wikis! Input the link into Easybib
MLA 8 and copy that into your Works Cited.
THE BLACK PANTHER SUPPORT PARAGRAPH
We watched the film Black Panther in class. Given our thesis that addresses our
distorted historical and cultural narrative, we want to provide a way a popular
medium, such as an entertaining film, can help us find a way to progress, to be
authentic, to move towards a more inclusive future.
1. Focus on 1 – 3 scenes in Black Panther that you feel will help us create an
interesting addition to our expanded history. M…
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