Lynching in American South The Case of Ed Johnson Using at least nine of the designated primary sources and at least one secondary source (see lists above
Lynching in American South The Case of Ed Johnson Using at least nine of the designated primary sources and at least one secondary source (see lists
above for both), write an essay on the topic, “Lynching in the American South: The Case of Ed
Johnson.” In the paper emphasis should be placed on both description and critical analysis; but
there is a need to be precise and to avoid generalization. Avoid excessive quotes, especially long
ones. 1-2 quotes in the entire paper should be enough. Remember that stringing together many
quotes does not make an effective argument. When you do use quotes, make them reiterate what
you are saying. Also, all quotes must be in quotation marks; if not, plagiarism occurs.
In the paper you will discuss the Ed Johnson lynching using the considerations outlined in the table
below. In order to arrange your paper in a logical form, divide it under the 5 sub-headings provided
in the table: “Introduction,” “The Lynching,” “Critical Discussion,” “Historical Implication,” and
“References.” Write out the sub-headings in bold before each section.
Introduction
In your introduction, explain lynching. Then provide a brief historical analysis 1
HIST 2020: American History II
Paper I: Primary Sources Analysis
The first writing assignment is: Primary Sources Analysis. It requires reading, analyzing, and
interpreting historical documents.
What are Primary Sources?
They are first-hand documents or original records that provide distinctive perspectives about events
or environments under investigation. They include letters, diary and journal recordings, memoirs,
manuscripts, newspaper articles, interviews, speeches, government documents, recordings (audio
& video), and others. Historians use these sources in addition to secondary ones to produce
narratives that describe and explain past actions.
Rationale for the Paper
As stated on the course syllabus, one of the learning outcomes in HIST 2020 is that students
completing the course should be able to “analyze documents in their historical context, and
construct well-written essays using basic academic writing conventions.” This writing assignment is
designed to provide students this tool.
List of Primary Sources
The primary sources for the paper are listed below. They provide different perspectives to the
lynching of a young African American man by the name Ed Johnson, in Chattanooga, TN, in 1903.
The documents are divided into 3 categories: PS1; PS2; and PS3. Note the minimum number of
documents required to be used in each category. Using the web links provided, download and read
the documents. Cite each document used in-text, and provide the full citation in the reference
section.
PS 1: The Trial of Ed Johnson: Transcript Excerpts (The 2 sources are mandatory)
Testimony of Nevada Taylor, Prosecution Witness, Feb. 6, 1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/testimony.html
In-text citation format: Testimony of Nevada Taylor
Testimony of Ed Johnson, Defendant, Feb. 6, 1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/johnsontestimony.html
In-text citation format: Testimony of Ed Johnson
PS 2: Newspaper Articles (Use at least 5 sources form this category)
“Awful Crime At St. Elmo,” Chattanooga Times, 1/24/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newselmo.html
In-text citation format: Awful Crime At St. Elmo
“Feeling at High Pitch,” Chattanooga Times, 1/25/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newshighpitch.html
2
In-text citation format: Feeling at High Pitch
“Law and Order Victorious over Overwhelming Odds,” Chattanooga Times, 1/26/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newslawandorder.html
In-text citation format: Law and Order Victorious
“Says He is Not Guilty,” Chattanooga Times, 2/2/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newsjohnsonsays.html
In-text citation format: Says He is Not Guilty
“Ed Johnson Jury Stands 8 to 4 for Conviction,” Chattanooga Times, 3/8/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/news8to4.html
In-text citation format:
“God bless you all–I am innocent,” Chattanooga Times, 3/20/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newsgodbless.html
In-text citation format: God bless you all–I am innocent
“Funeral of Johnson,” Chattanooga Times, 3/22/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newsfuneral.html
In-text citation format: Funeral of Johnson
PS 3: Miscellaneous (Use at least 2 sources this category)
Supreme Court Intervenes in the Ed Johnson Case
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/SCtintervenes.html
In-text citation format: Supreme Court Intervenes
A Sermon on Lynching
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/sermon.html
In-text citation format: A Sermon on Lynching
Amy Green, “1906 Tennessee Conviction Overturned,” The Associated Press, Feb. 25, 2000.
http://www.truthinjustice.org/1906.htm
In-text citation format: Green, “1906 Tennessee Conviction
List of Secondary Sources
Apart from nine primary sources, It is also required that you use and cite at least one secondary
source on the theme of lynching in this paper. Books and journal articles are examples of secondary
sources. You can use the books below (or any other books or journal articles of your choice not
listed). Cite this source in your introduction and in the reference section.
Lelekis, D. (2015). American literature, lynching, and the spectator in the crowd: spectacular
violence. Los Angeles, CA: Lexington Press.
In-text citation format: (Lelekis, 2015)
3
Markovitz, J. (2004). Legacies of lynching: racial violence and memory. Minnesota, MN: university of
Minnesota Press.
In-text citation format: (Markovitz 2004)
Simien, E.M. (2011). Gender and lynching: the politics of memory. New York, NY: Palgrave
Macmillan.
In-text citation format: (Simien, 2011)
Wood, A.L. (2009). Lynching and spectacle: witnessing racial violence in America, 1890-1940.
Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
In-text citation format: (Wood, 2009)
Writing the Paper
Using at least nine of the designated primary sources and at least one secondary source (see lists
above for both), write an essay on the topic, “Lynching in the American South: The Case of Ed
Johnson.” In the paper emphasis should be placed on both description and critical analysis; but
there is a need to be precise and to avoid generalization. Avoid excessive quotes, especially long
ones. 1-2 quotes in the entire paper should be enough. Remember that stringing together many
quotes does not make an effective argument. When you do use quotes, make them reiterate what
you are saying. Also, all quotes must be in quotation marks; if not, plagiarism occurs.
In the paper you will discuss the Ed Johnson lynching using the considerations outlined in the table
below. In order to arrange your paper in a logical form, divide it under the 5 sub-headings provided
in the table: “Introduction,” “The Lynching,” “Critical Discussion,” “Historical Implication,” and
“References.” Write out the sub-headings in bold before each section.
Introduction
In your introduction, explain lynching. Then provide a brief historical analysis of lynching
as a significant phenomenon in American history during the Jim Crow era. Support your
analysis with at least one secondary source and cite it (in-text, and in the references
section).
The Lynching
In no more than one page, narrate the events that led up to the lynching of Ed Johnson.
This section tests your ability to summarize while articulating the essential elements of
the lynch episode.
Critical Discussion
In a substantial analysis, discuss issues of (a) race and gender, (b) the media, and, (c) the
justice system, as related to the lynching.
Historical Implication
Based on your reading of the primary sources, discuss what the Ed Johnson incident might
teach us about the American, particularly, Southern past.
References
In the references section, provide the full bibliographical citation of all sources (primary
and secondary) you have used in the paper.
10
points
20
points
40
points
10
points
10
points
4
Examples of Primary Sources citation:
Testimony of Nevada Taylor, Prosecution Witness, Feb. 6, 1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/testimony.html
Examples of Secondary Sources citation:
Markovitz, J. (2004). Legacies of lynching: racial violence and memory
Note: List your sources alphabetically and number them serially. Remember that you are
required to cite at least 9 primary sources and at least 1 secondary source. Do not include
any sources that you have not used!!!
Organization
5
Running head must appear on every page of your paper. Use sub-headings for each points
section per the instruction. The essay requires proper paragraphing, pagination, spacing,
and correct font type and size.
Grammar and Mechanics
5
The essay requires the use of correct grammar, sentence structure, proper diction and points
spelling, and punctuation.
Deductions
1. Failure to submit the paper by the due date attracts a deduction of 10 points for each day the
paper is late.
2. The essay must be your original work. Any material in the paper that can be deemed as
plagiarized will result in a zero (0) for the entire paper. Note that e-learn utilizes plagiarism
detection software, Turnitin, which detects all forms of plagiarism.
Further Instructions
The paper must:
1. not exceed 6 pages inclusive of cover page and the references page. In other words, page 1 is
the cover page and page 6 is the references page.
2. be typed double-spaced, using conventional font (12-point, Times New Roman) and
conventional margins (1-inch top, 1-inch bottom, 1 inch right, and 1-inch left).
3. be submitted as a Microsoft Word document.
4. be electronically submitted via e-learn dropbox only.
Evaluation
Evaluation (grading) is based on quality of content, factual accuracy, use of the required sources,
and analysis free of errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure.
Essay Layout
Use APA style. See the format of the essay provided on e-learn. It also guides you on technical
matters like organization of the paper, length of each section, citations, etc.).
1
HIST 2020: American History II
Paper I: Primary Sources Analysis
The first writing assignment is: Primary Sources Analysis. It requires reading, analyzing, and
interpreting historical documents.
What are Primary Sources?
They are first-hand documents or original records that provide distinctive perspectives about events
or environments under investigation. They include letters, diary and journal recordings, memoirs,
manuscripts, newspaper articles, interviews, speeches, government documents, recordings (audio
& video), and others. Historians use these sources in addition to secondary ones to produce
narratives that describe and explain past actions.
Rationale for the Paper
As stated on the course syllabus, one of the learning outcomes in HIST 2020 is that students
completing the course should be able to “analyze documents in their historical context, and
construct well-written essays using basic academic writing conventions.” This writing assignment is
designed to provide students this tool.
List of Primary Sources
The primary sources for the paper are listed below. They provide different perspectives to the
lynching of a young African American man by the name Ed Johnson, in Chattanooga, TN, in 1903.
The documents are divided into 3 categories: PS1; PS2; and PS3. Note the minimum number of
documents required to be used in each category. Using the web links provided, download and read
the documents. Cite each document used in-text, and provide the full citation in the reference
section.
PS 1: The Trial of Ed Johnson: Transcript Excerpts (The 2 sources are mandatory)
Testimony of Nevada Taylor, Prosecution Witness, Feb. 6, 1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/testimony.html
In-text citation format: Testimony of Nevada Taylor
Testimony of Ed Johnson, Defendant, Feb. 6, 1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/johnsontestimony.html
In-text citation format: Testimony of Ed Johnson
PS 2: Newspaper Articles (Use at least 5 sources form this category)
“Awful Crime At St. Elmo,” Chattanooga Times, 1/24/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newselmo.html
In-text citation format: Awful Crime At St. Elmo
“Feeling at High Pitch,” Chattanooga Times, 1/25/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newshighpitch.html
2
In-text citation format: Feeling at High Pitch
“Law and Order Victorious over Overwhelming Odds,” Chattanooga Times, 1/26/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newslawandorder.html
In-text citation format: Law and Order Victorious
“Says He is Not Guilty,” Chattanooga Times, 2/2/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newsjohnsonsays.html
In-text citation format: Says He is Not Guilty
“Ed Johnson Jury Stands 8 to 4 for Conviction,” Chattanooga Times, 3/8/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/news8to4.html
In-text citation format:
“God bless you all–I am innocent,” Chattanooga Times, 3/20/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newsgodbless.html
In-text citation format: God bless you all–I am innocent
“Funeral of Johnson,” Chattanooga Times, 3/22/1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/newsfuneral.html
In-text citation format: Funeral of Johnson
PS 3: Miscellaneous (Use at least 2 sources this category)
Supreme Court Intervenes in the Ed Johnson Case
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/SCtintervenes.html
In-text citation format: Supreme Court Intervenes
A Sermon on Lynching
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/sermon.html
In-text citation format: A Sermon on Lynching
Amy Green, “1906 Tennessee Conviction Overturned,” The Associated Press, Feb. 25, 2000.
http://www.truthinjustice.org/1906.htm
In-text citation format: Green, “1906 Tennessee Conviction
List of Secondary Sources
Apart from nine primary sources, It is also required that you use and cite at least one secondary
source on the theme of lynching in this paper. Books and journal articles are examples of secondary
sources. You can use the books below (or any other books or journal articles of your choice not
listed). Cite this source in your introduction and in the reference section.
Lelekis, D. (2015). American literature, lynching, and the spectator in the crowd: spectacular
violence. Los Angeles, CA: Lexington Press.
In-text citation format: (Lelekis, 2015)
3
Markovitz, J. (2004). Legacies of lynching: racial violence and memory. Minnesota, MN: university of
Minnesota Press.
In-text citation format: (Markovitz 2004)
Simien, E.M. (2011). Gender and lynching: the politics of memory. New York, NY: Palgrave
Macmillan.
In-text citation format: (Simien, 2011)
Wood, A.L. (2009). Lynching and spectacle: witnessing racial violence in America, 1890-1940.
Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press.
In-text citation format: (Wood, 2009)
Writing the Paper
Using at least nine of the designated primary sources and at least one secondary source (see lists
above for both), write an essay on the topic, “Lynching in the American South: The Case of Ed
Johnson.” In the paper emphasis should be placed on both description and critical analysis; but
there is a need to be precise and to avoid generalization. Avoid excessive quotes, especially long
ones. 1-2 quotes in the entire paper should be enough. Remember that stringing together many
quotes does not make an effective argument. When you do use quotes, make them reiterate what
you are saying. Also, all quotes must be in quotation marks; if not, plagiarism occurs.
In the paper you will discuss the Ed Johnson lynching using the considerations outlined in the table
below. In order to arrange your paper in a logical form, divide it under the 5 sub-headings provided
in the table: “Introduction,” “The Lynching,” “Critical Discussion,” “Historical Implication,” and
“References.” Write out the sub-headings in bold before each section.
Introduction
In your introduction, explain lynching. Then provide a brief historical analysis of lynching
as a significant phenomenon in American history during the Jim Crow era. Support your
analysis with at least one secondary source and cite it (in-text, and in the references
section).
The Lynching
In no more than one page, narrate the events that led up to the lynching of Ed Johnson.
This section tests your ability to summarize while articulating the essential elements of
the lynch episode.
Critical Discussion
In a substantial analysis, discuss issues of (a) race and gender, (b) the media, and, (c) the
justice system, as related to the lynching.
Historical Implication
Based on your reading of the primary sources, discuss what the Ed Johnson incident might
teach us about the American, particularly, Southern past.
References
In the references section, provide the full bibliographical citation of all sources (primary
and secondary) you have used in the paper.
10
points
20
points
40
points
10
points
10
points
4
Examples of Primary Sources citation:
Testimony of Nevada Taylor, Prosecution Witness, Feb. 6, 1906
http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/shipp/testimony.html
Examples of Secondary Sources citation:
Markovitz, J. (2004). Legacies of lynching: racial violence and memory
Note: List your sources alphabetically and number them serially. Remember that you are
required to cite at least 9 primary sources and at least 1 secondary source. Do not include
any sources that you have not used!!!
Organization
5
Running head must appear on every page of your paper. Use sub-headings for each points
section per the instruction. The essay requires proper paragraphing, pagination, spacing,
and correct font type and size.
Grammar and Mechanics
5
The essay requires the use of correct grammar, sentence structure, proper diction and points
spelling, and punctuation.
Deductions
1. Failure to submit the paper by the due date attracts a deduction of 10 points for each day the
paper is late.
2. The essay must be your original work. Any material in the paper that can be deemed as
plagiarized will result in a zero (0) for the entire paper. Note that e-learn utilizes plagiarism
detection software, Turnitin, which detects all forms of plagiarism.
Further Instructions
The paper must:
1. not exceed 6 pages inclusive of cover page and the references page. In other words, page 1 is
the cover page and page 6 is the references page.
2. be typed double-spaced, using conventional font (12-point, Times New Roman) and
conventional margins (1-inch top, 1-inch bottom, 1 inch right, and 1-inch left).
3. be submitted as a Microsoft Word document.
4. be electronically submitted via e-learn dropbox only.
Evaluation
Evaluation (grading) is based on quality of content, factual accuracy, use of the required sources,
and analysis free of errors in grammar, spelling, and sentence structure.
Essay Layout
Use APA style. See the format of the essay provided on e-learn. It also guides you on technical
matters like organization of the paper, length of each section, citations, etc.).
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